The Dobermann is a German breed of medium-large working dog of pinscher type. It was originally bred in Thuringia in about 1890 by Louis Dobermann, a tax collector. It has a long muzzle and – ideally – an even and graceful gait. The ears were traditionally cropped and the tail docked, practices which are now illegal in many countries.
The Dobermann is intelligent, alert and tenaciously loyal; it is kept as a guard dog or as a companion animal. In Canada and the United States it is known as the Doberman Pinscher.
In 2013 a list of breeds by annual number of registrations, based on a survey of member clubs of the Fédération Cynologique Internationale, placed the Dobermann 26th, with 20941 new registrations per year. Statistics compiled by the AKC for 2009 placed the Doberman Pinscher 15th, with 10233 registrations in that year.[8] In the fifteen years from 2009 to 2023 the average number of puppies whelped per year in Germany was approximately 535, representing just over 1% of the average total number of births for all breeds, recorded at slightly more than 77000 per year.
The Dobermann is a medium-large dog of pinscher type. Dogs stand some 68–72 cm at the withers, with a weight usually in the range 40–45 kg; bitches are considerably smaller, with height and weight ranges of 63–68 cm and 32–35 kg respectively. It is a working dog, and registration is subject to completion of a working trial.
It was originally intended as a guard dog, so males typically have a muscular and intimidating appearance.
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